# is used as both a unary and a binary operator.
As a unary operator: #x returns the length or cardinality of a list, set, hash table, or string x.
As a binary operator: x#i returns the ith element of a list, hash table, database, or string x.
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The precedence of # when used as a binary operator is high, as high as ., but when used as a unary operator the precedence is much lower.